The preparation of a world-class athlete requires a lot of hard work and hard work for many years. The path from beginner to champion can take 8-10 years. During this time, he goes through several conditional stages, each of which has its own tasks and characteristics.
Instructions
Step 1
At the first, preliminary, stage of preparation, the health of the beginner is strengthened, his all-round physical development takes place, the skills of correct exercise technique and interest in sports are instilled. Typically, this stage begins in childhood or early school age and ends by age 13. During this time, the child manages to become interested in sports and choose the type in which he wants to specialize. At this stage, it is important not to overload young athletes with physical fitness: training should take place no more than 2-3 times a week, and their duration should not exceed 1 hour.
Step 2
At the second stage of preparation, schoolchildren aged 13-15 choose their sports specialization. General physical training continues, imbalances and flaws in physical development are being corrected, and special training is gradually being introduced. The acquired skills are improved, interest in the chosen sport is consolidated. The volume of workouts gradually increases to 5 sessions per week, lasting 1-1.5 hours. And that's not counting the physical education lessons at school. At this stage, it is important not to overload the athlete with specialized exercises - their volume should not exceed 25% of the total volume of training. It is also undesirable to participate in a variety of sports competitions, as this may have too high a psychological burden.
Step 3
At the age of 16-20, an athlete begins highly specialized training in the chosen sport. The main goal of this stage is to motivate the athlete to high achievements, purposeful work on specialized training. Complex training alternates with technical, physical, tactical and theoretical studies. The volume of training increases to 6-10 sessions per week, lasting 1, 5-3 hours. The number of important competitions can be increased to 12-18 per year.
Step 4
At the next stage, the athlete achieves his maximum results. It starts at the age of 18-20 and can last up to 28-30 years. The main task during this period is the maximum use of all training means, training with maximum volume and intensity, compulsory competitive practice. The volume of special, tactical, psychological and integral training is sharply increasing. At this stage, it is important for the athlete to provide all the necessary conditions to achieve the best results at a reasonable time.
Step 5
The last stage is the preservation of previously acquired sporting achievements. This stage is characterized only by an individual approach to the athlete, since only his training and competitive experience can point him to his strengths and weaknesses and find the best training methods and means for him. The effectiveness and quality of the training process at this stage significantly affects the sports longevity of a person. The decrease in potential caused by age-related changes is compensated by the search for individual growth reserves. The duration of this stage depends only on the motivation and health of the athlete.
